Reading a Wine Label in Plain English

European wines are usually labeled by place (Sancerre, Rioja, Chianti), while New World wines are usually labeled by grape (Sauvignon Blanc, Tempranillo, Sangiovese). Learning a dozen place names and the grapes behind them unlocks most of a European wine list.

The name of the winery matters more than almost anything else. A great producer makes good wine even in an ordinary year or appellation. When you find one you like, remember it.

The year the grapes were harvested. For everyday wines, the most recent vintages are generally best. Vintage variation matters more for fine wines and cooler regions.

A useful clue to style. Under 12.5% suggests something light and fresh; over 14% suggests something rich and full-bodied.

Terms like “reserve” mean little outside places where they are legally defined. In Spain and Italy, Reserva and Riserva do mean longer aging. Elsewhere, treat them as marketing.